Freelance Wire

Freelance journalism offers independence and variety, and it also asks you to run a small business. This page gives an overview of how freelancing in news usually works. We do not publish rates here, because they vary widely, and we do not offer legal advice. The guides listed further down go into more detail.

How work comes in

Most freelance work begins with a pitch: a short message to an editor that describes a story, why it matters and why you are the person to tell it. A commission follows, with a deadline, a length and an agreed fee. Some freelancers also hold regular contracts with a single outlet, or take assignment-based work such as photography and video shifts.

Pitching well

• Read the outlet's submission guidelines and recent work before you write.
• Keep the pitch short, with a clear angle and a reason for now.
• Show evidence that you can deliver: relevant clips, access or expertise.
• Follow up once, politely, after a reasonable interval.
• Accept a no gracefully; relationships often take several pitches.

Understanding the terms

Before accepting a commission, make sure you understand the fee, the deadline, the length, what is covered by expenses, when and how you will be paid, and what rights the outlet receives. A kill fee, paid if a commissioned piece is not published, is worth asking about. Our contracts guide lists the questions in more detail.

Bylines and portfolio

A byline is your professional record. Ask whether you may keep a copy of your work for your portfolio and whether the outlet will credit you consistently. Keep a simple page that links to your best published work and includes a short note on your specialities.

Running the business side

Freelancers often need to track invoices, keep records of expenses and set aside money for tax. Rules differ by country and by situation, and we cannot give advice on them. A local adviser, accountant or a union for freelancers can help.

Staying safe

Let someone know where you are working, agree check-in times and be clear about what support the commissioning editor will provide. Never take a risk that you are not comfortable with in order to secure a story.

Where to read more

Our Career Wire has guides on pitching, kill fees and rights, and rate-setting frameworks. They are general information, not professional advice.